NATURE OF MATTER- II

 

Week:                                                                                       Date:                                  

Period:                                     Duration: 40 Mins per period                                         Average age of learners: 15 years

Subject: CHEMISTRY                                                                           Class: SS ONE

Topic:             NATURE OF MATTER - II

Sub topic:                              ELEMENT, COMPOUND AND MIXTURE.

Reference materials:

(1) ESSENTIAL CHEMISTRY, TONALD PUBLISHERS, I. O ODESINA

(2) NEW SCHOOL CHEMISTRY, AFRICAN FIRST PUBLISHERS, OSEI YAW ABABIO

(3) INTERNET

Instructional materials: Sulphur, copper wire, aluminium pot

Entry behavior: The students have been familiar with some common element.

Behavioural objective: At the end of the lesson the students should be able to:

1^st PERIOD

i.                     define Element

ii.                    state the first- thirty element with their respective symbol

2^nd PERIOD

i.                     define compound

ii.                    gives example of compound

3^rd PERIOD

i.                     define mixture

ii.                    state the constituent of mixture

ELEMENT, COMPOUND AND MIXTURE

1^st PERIOD

STEP I: The teacher introduces the new topic.

STEP II: The teacher defines Element.

Elements

An element is a pure substance that contains only one kind of atom. An element cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary methods (such as heat or electricity). What is an atom?

 Atoms of the same element are the same. Atoms of different elements are different. Every element on the periodic table has a unique chemical symbol. Example of element: Hydrogen, oxygen, aluminium.

STEP III: The teacher lists the first-thirty element with atomic number and atomic mass

 

ELEMENT	ATOMIC NUMBER	ATOMIC MASS	ELEMENT	ATOMIC NUMBER	ATOMIC MASS
HYDROGEN [H]	1	1	SULPHUR [S]	16	32.07
HELIUM     [He]	2	4	CHLORINE [Cl]	17	35.45
LITHIUM    [Li]	3	6.94	ARGON  [Ar]	18	39.95
BERYLLIUM  [Be]	4	9.01	POTASSIUM [K}	19	39.10
BORON       [B]	5	10.81	CALCIUM [Ca]	20	40.08
CARBON     [C]	6	12.01	SCANDIUM [Sc]	21	44.96
NITROGEN  [N]	7	14.01	TITANIUM [Ti]	22	47.87
OXYGEN   [O]	8	15.99	VANADIUM [V]	23	50.94
FLUORINE  [Fl]	9	19	CHROMIUM [Cr]	24	52
NEON     [Ne]	10	20.18	MANGANESE [Mn]	25	54.94
SODIUM  [Na]	11	22.99	IRON [Fe]	26	55.85
MAGNESIUM [Mg]	12	25.31	COBALT [Co]	27	58.93
ALUMINIUM [Al]	13	26.98	NICKEL [Ni]	28	58.69
SILICON [Si]	14	28.09	COPPER [Cu}	29	63.55
PHOSPHORUS [P]	15	30.97	ZINC [Zn]	30	65.41

STEP III: The student state the first- thirty elements

EVALUATION: The teacher evaluates the lesson by asking these question

i.                     define Element

ii.                    state the first- ten element with their respective symbol

ASSIGNMENT: Study the first- thirty element

2^nd PERIOD

STEP I: The teacher revises the previous topic

STEP II: The teacher defines compound

Compounds

A compound is made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined. When elements combine chemically to form a compound, they lose their old properties and characteristics and take on new ones. Example: table salt, sodium chloride (NaCl)

Sodium is an explosive shiny metal and chlorine is a greenish-yellow poisonous gas. When they combine chemically, they form the compound sodium chloride, which is table salt. Compounds cannot be broken down easily, it requires chemical reactions involving energy to break apart the bonds.

STEP III: The teacher state the components element of some compound

 COMPOUNDS AND THEIR COMPONENT

COMPOUND	COMPONENTS ELEMENTS
Water [H2O] Sodium Chloride [NaCl]        Soap [C17H35COONa] Sodium hydroxide [NaOH]	Hydrogen, Oxygen Sodium, chlorine Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and sodium Sodium, oxygen and hydrogen

STEP IV: The teacher allows the students to ask question

EVALUATION: The teacher evaluates the lesson by asking these question

i.                     define compound

ii.                    gives example of compound

ASSIGNMENT: Read about mixtutre

3^rd PERIOD

Mixtures

STEP I: The teacher explains mixture.

A mixture occurs when two or more substances are together, but they are NOT chemically combined. Can you name some examples of mixtures?

There are two types of mixtures, heterogeneous mixtures, and homogeneous mixtures.

 Heterogeneous mixtures are mixtures made up of different substances that can be easily seen and distinguished from one another. Example: a salad is a heterogeneous mixture because  you can clearly see the different substance that combine to make up the salad…lettuce, carrots, tomatoes, dressing, etc.

 Homogeneous mixtures are mixtures that look the same throughout. Example: air, urine, milk.

STEP II: The teacher explains some constituents of mixture

MIXTURES AND THEIR CONSTITUENTS

MIXTURE	CONSTITUENTS
Air	Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon(iv)oxide, rare gases, dust and moisture
Urine	Urea, water, mineral salts
Milk	Water, sugar, fat, protein ,mineral salt and vitamin
Sea water	Water, mineral salt, bacteria, remain of organic matter
Blood	Water, protein, fat, sugar, oil, mineral salt, blood cell Haemoglobin
Petroleum	Petrol,gas oil, kerosene, naptha, bitumen, gas etc
Steel	Iron and carbon

STEP III: The students read the constituents of said mixture

Evaluation: The teacher evaluates the lessons by asking the following questions:-

i.                     define mixture

ii.                    state the constituent of mixture

Assignment

differentiate between the compound and mixture