COMPOUND OF OXYGEN

 

COMPOUND OF OXYGEN

OXIDES

Oxides are binary compounds formed when elements combines with oxygen. Binary compounds are compounds containing two elements only.

CLASSIFICATION OF OXIDES

1.       ACIDIC OXIDES: These are oxides formed between a non-metal and oxygen e.g.

C + O2            CO2;  S + O2              SO2

They react with water to form acids. CO2 + H2O          H2CO3

With alkali to form salt and water only. CO2 + 2NaOH              Na2CO3 + H2O.

Nitrogen (iv) oxide form two salts with sodium hydroxide, since it is a mixed anhydride

2NO2 + 2NaOH               NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O

2.       BASIC OXIDES: These are oxides formed between a metal and oxygen. Na + O2          Na2O

They react with acids to form salt and water only. Na2O + 2HCl                 NaCl  + H2O.

3.       AMPHOTERIC OXIDES: These are oxides of metal which can behaves both has basic oxides and as acidic oxides. i.e. they can react with both acids and alkalis to form salt and water only.

Amphoteric oxides includes the oxides of aluminium (Al2O3), zinc (ZnO), lead(PbO), tin(SnO2)  BeO.

4.       NEUTRAL OXIDES: These are oxides which show neither acidic nor basic properties. Hence, they are neutral to litmus. e.g. CO, N2O, H2O, NO.

5.       HIGHER OXIDES: These are oxides containing a higher proportion of oxygen than the ordinary oxides. These higher oxides are classified into three groups namely the peroxides, dioxides and mixed oxides.

OZONE

Ozone is an unstable triatomic molecule of oxygen. In 1866, J, Soret , demonstrated that ozone was an allotropes of oxygen. Ozone is formed from atmospheric oxygen by lighting flashes. Small fraction of ozone was found in electrical machinery when they are in operation. Ozone exist in a layer at a height of about 25km above earth surface.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF OZONE

1.       Ozone is a pale blue gas at ordinary temperature and pressure.

2.       It has a characteristic smell like that of dilute chlorine.

3.       It is poisonous at concentration above 100 parts per million.

4.       Pure ozone can be obtained as blue liquid by cooling ozonized oxygen to -112oC.

5.       Ozone is slightly soluble in water but it dissolves in turpentine.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF OZONE

1.       Ozone is more reactive than oxygen. It decomposes into ordinary oxygen on heating. 2O3             3O2.

2.       Ozone is a more powerful oxidizing agent than oxygen. SO2 + O3                 SO3 + O2.

3.       Ozone liberates iodine from potassium iodide in acid solution

KI +H2SO4 +O2          I2 + O2 +K2SO4 + H2O.

TEST FOR OXYGEN

A glowing (wooden) splint is dipped into a test-tube of the gas (wooden) splint rekindles or relights.

USES OF OXYGEN

1.       Oxygen is used as an aid to breathing where the naturally supply of oxygen is insufficient.

2.       It is used in resuscitating fainting patient, aiding breathing in some lung diseases.

3.       Is used in oxy-ethyne and oxy-hydrogen flame for cutting and welding metals.

4.       Liquid oxygen and fuels are used as propellants for space rockets.

5.       Used in steel industry for the removal of carbon, sulphur and phosphorous.

6.       Used in the manufacture of chemical compound like H2SO4, HNO3, and CH3COOH.

 

 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

POST HARVESTING PROCESSES

CHAPTER TWELVES POST HARVESTING PROCESSES 12.1             CONCEPTS AND PHILOSPHY OF POST HARVEST TECHNOLOGY Post-harvest fisheries entails all steps, process and or activities immediately after catch handling and transportation processing and distribution of fish and fishery product where if control is not applied post-harvest losses will occur.         Post –harvest fish losses are a major concern and occur in most fish distribution chains throughout the world. Not only do losses constitute lost income to fishers, processors and traders, they also contribute food insecurity i.e a loss of fish means less fish available for the consumer. POST HARVEST PROCESSES:         Fish are highly perishable. A central concern of fish processing is to prevent fish from deteriorating . Causatic factors of fish spoilage 1. High moisture content.   ...
Read more

NICOM SAT 1

TOPIC: - NICOM-SAT 1    INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: -         Satellite dish REFERENCES BOOK: -     1.      FARINDE O. E e tal, ESSENTIAL PHYSICS FOR SSS, Tonad Publishing Limited. 2.      M. W. ANYAKOHA (2011), NEW SCHOOL PHYSICS FOR SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS, Africana first publishers.    3.      INTERNET PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: -     Students have been taught Niger-sat 1 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES: - At the end of the lesson students should be able to: - 1.        Explain the concept of NICOM-SAT 1 2.        State the features of NICOM-SAT 1 3.        Uses of NICOM-SAT 1 CONTENT: - NICOM- SAT 1 NigComSat-1 is a Nigerian Communication Satellite. It was launched on 14 may, 2007 in China by China Great Wall Industry...
Read more

FISH SEED PRODUCTION

CHAPTER THIRTEEN FISH SEED PRODUCTION BROOD STOCK SELECTION             Brood stock means a group of sexually mature individuals of a culture species that is kept separate for  breeding purpose. 13.1     DIFFERENCES  BETWEEN MALE  AND FEMALE SEXUALLY MATURED FISHES             Male and female breeders may be easily differentiated by the shape of the body and the relative position of genital papilla. In females, the body is plump and the genital opening is situated above the genital papilla. In males, the body is slender and the genital opening is found behind the genital papilla. External signs of the brood stock A male brood stock will release milt under a slight abdominal pressure: Its belly is not blown up but rather slim; it sometimes has callosities on the head. A female brood stock has a well-rounded and soft  or semi...
Read more