CAPTURE FISHERY

CHAPTER TWO

CAPTURE FISHERY

 

Capture fishery refers to all kinds of harvesting of naturally occurring living resources in both marine and fresh water environment.

2.1                                           TYPES OF CAPTURE FISHERIES

There are three major types of capture fisheries

1.         INDUSTRIAL FISHERIES: Capital-intensive fisheries using relatively large vessels with high degree of mechanization and that normally have advanced fish finding and navigational equipment. Such fisheries have a high production capacity and a catch per unit effort is normally relatively high.

2.         SMALL- SCALE FISHERIES: Labour –intensive fisheries using relatively small craft (if any) and little capital , equipment per person-on-board. Most often family-owned. May be commercial or  for subsistence, usually low fuel consumption.

3.         ARTISANAL FISHERIES: Using relatively small amount of capital, relatively small fishing vessels, making short fishing trips, close to shore, mainly for local consumption. They use relatively low level technology.

            Other types of capture fishery are :

I. Recreational (Sport) fisheries- Harvesting fish for personal use, leisure etc. It does not includes sale, trade of all or part of the catch.

II. Subsistence fisheries- A fishery where the fish caught are shared and consumed directly by the families and keen of the fishers.

TRADITIONAL FISHERIES

Fisheries established long ago, usually by specific communities that have developed customary patterns of rules and operation. Traditional fisheries reflect cultural trait and attitudes and may be strongly influence by religious practices or social customs.

2.2                               METHODS OF CAPTURE FISHERIES

1. Hook and Line        2. Cast netting             3. Set netting               4. Traps/ Trapping

5. Trawling

HOOKING:  Line fitted with hooks with or without bait is set in water. Fish swallows hook and get caught.

TRAPPING: Objects like boxes, bottles etc are set in water fish get trapped and caught.

CAST NETTING: This is a circular nets with small weight distributed around its edge. The nets is cast or throw by hand in a such a manner that it spreads out on the water and sinks.

SET NETTING: Set netting is fishing using a net anchored to the sea floor by weights.

TRAWLING: This is a method of fishing that involves pulling a fishing nets through the water behind one or more boats.

MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR CAPTURE FISHERY

The materials required for capture fisheries are nets, hooks and lines, cages, trap and basket

 etc.

 CHAPTER TWO

CAPTURE FISHERY

1.            A fishing method used in industrial fisheries is (a) Angling (b) Trapping (c) Trawling (d) Cast netting.

2.            Which of the following is not a type of capture fishery? (a) Artisanal (b) Commercial (c) Industrial (d) local.

THEORY

1.            Mention five challenges facing capture fisheries.

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2.            List  three materials used to capture fish.

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3.            Describe three types of capture fisheries.

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4.            List  four materials needed for construction of  a gill net.

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5.            State three disadvantages of capture fisheries.

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6.            Specimen  A is CAST NET , specimen B is HOOK AND LINE and specimen  C  is SCOOP NET.

(a) Give three differences and three similarities in the use of  specimen A and B.

DIFFERENCES

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SIMILARITIES

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                (b) List two components of each specimen A and B.

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                (c) State three ways of maintaining specimen A.

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                (d) Mention three materials that can be used in place of specimen C in a fish farm.

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